尾叶香茶菜和蓝萼香茶菜叶的解剖结构

Anatomical Structure of the Leaves of Rabdosia excisa(Maxim.)Hara and Rabdosia japonica(Burm.f.)Hara var.glaucocalyx(Maxim.)Hara

以尾叶香茶菜和蓝萼香茶菜为试材,采用徒手切片、石蜡切片等方法,研究了生长环境对尾叶香茶菜和蓝萼香茶菜叶的影响,以期为开发、利用和保护现有的香茶菜属植物资源;为引种驯化、新品种的选育提供参考。结果表明:2种植物叶片的结构相似,但二者的叶片在外部形态特征、表皮细胞的形状、栅栏组织与海面组织细胞的特点、维管束发育的程度方面有明显的不同,这也表现出2种植物对环境的适应性也存在明显的差异。二者均为异面叶;气孔类型为无规则型,长椭圆状;气孔下陷且仅存于叶片下表皮。尾叶香茶菜气孔密度平均为372个·mm^(-2);蓝萼香茶菜气孔密度平均为188个·mm^(-2)。二者栅栏组织均为一层。尾叶香茶菜的栅海比为80.9%;蓝萼香茶菜的栅海比52.81%。二者的叶片下表皮、叶柄均存在大量腺毛和非腺毛。分泌道在2种植物的叶及叶柄均有分布。二者的叶柄结构基本相似。

In this experiment,Rabdosia excisa（Maxim.）Hara and R.japonica（Burm.f.）Hara var.glaucocalyx（Maxim.）Hara were used as test materials,and the effects of growing environment on R.excisa（Maxim.）Hara and R.japonica（Burm.f.）Hara var.glaucocalyx（Maxim.）Hara were studied by using freehand slices,paraffin slices and other methods,in order to develop,utilize and protect existing plant resources of Rabdosiato provide reference for introduction and domestication and breeding of new varieties.The results showed that the two kinds of plant leaves were similar in structure,but their leaves were significantly different in terms of external morphological features,the shape of epidermal cells,the characteristics of palisade tissue and spongy parenchyma,and the degree of vascular bundle development,which also showed that the two plants had obvious differences in their adaptability to the environment.The two species were all heterophyll leaves;the stomata type were irregular and oval in shape;and the stomata were sunken and only in the lower epidermis of the leaves.The stomata number of R.excise（Maxim.）Hara was 372 per 1 mm～2,and the stomata number of R.japonica（Burm.f.）Hara var.glaucocalyx（Maxim.）Hara was 188 per 1 mm～2.All two plants had only one palisade tissue,the sponge tissue was well developed and the intercellular space was large;The ratio of palisade tissue and spongy tissue of R.excise（Maxim.）Hara was 80.9%.But the ratio of palisade tissue and spongy tissue of R.japonica（Burm.f.）Hara var.glaucocalyx（Maxim.）Hara was 52.81%.Large number of glandular hairs and non glandular hairs were found in the abaxial epidermis and petiole of the two leaves.The secretory ducts were distributed in the leaves and petioles of two plants.The petiole structures of the two species were basically similar.