15311例少数民族患者呼吸系统疾病统计分析

Statistical Analysis of Respiratory Diseases in 15311 Cases of Minority Nationality Patients

目的了解新疆某院少数民族患者呼吸系统疾病特征,为医院服务区少数民族呼吸系统疾病的防治提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析2013年-2017年少数民族呼吸系统疾病住院患者病案资料,以ICD-10编码进行疾病分类,统计分析性别、民族、年龄等特征。结果近5年某院少数民族呼吸系统疾病以慢性下呼吸道疾病(37.83%)、流行性感冒和肺炎(27.24%)及上呼吸道的其他疾病(17.71%)为主;前10位的单病种依次为慢性阻塞性肺病伴急性加重(15.94%)、社区获得性肺炎重症(11.61%)、社区获得性肺炎非重症(7.13%)、支气管哮喘非危重(5.91%)、腺样体肥大(4.78%)、慢性阻塞性肺病(4.37%)、肺部感染(4.23%)、鼻中隔偏曲(3.46%)、支气管肺炎(3.34%)、急性支气管炎(3.06%);不同性别、民族、年龄段主要疾病构成及分布不同。结论少数民族呼吸系统疾病以慢性下呼吸道疾病和肺炎为主,应给予重点防治,以降低少数民族呼吸系统疾病危害。

Objectives To understand the characteristics of respiratory diseases of ethnic minority patients in the Xinjiang hospital for the last 5 years, and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases of minority nationalities in the service area of the hospital. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on medical records of hospitalized patients with respiratory diseases in ethnic minorities from 2013 to 2017. Disease classification was carried out by ICD-10 coding, and gender, ethnicity and age were analyzed statistically. Results In the last 5 years, the respiratory diseases of ethnic minorities in the hospital were mainly chronic lower respiratory tract diseases（37.83%）, influenza and pneumonia（27.24%） and other diseases of the upper respiratory tract（17.71%）. The top 10 diseases were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute exacerbation（15.94%）, community-acquired pneumonia, severe（11.61%）, community-acquired pneumonia, non-severe（7.13%）, bronchial asthma, non-critical（5.91%）, adenoid hypertrophy（4.78%）, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（4.37%）, pulmonary infection（4.23%）, deviation of nasal septum（3.46%）, bronchopneumonia（3.34%）, acute bronchitis（3.06%）. The main diseases of different sexes, nationalities and ages were different. Conclusions The respiratory diseases of the minority nationalities were mainly chronic lower respiratory diseases and pneumonia, so we should give priority to prevention and control so as to reduce the risk of respiratory diseases of ethnic minorities.