中国情境下的绩效考核政治行为结构研究

Research on the Structure of Political Behavior of Performance Appraisal in China

以考核者会故意扭曲评价结果为着眼点的绩效考核政治研究,为认识考核偏差提供了新的视野,然而国内关于绩效考核政治行为结构这一基础性研究的缺失成为该领域继续深入探究的瓶颈。质性和量化相结合的分析表明:绩效考核政治行为与特定的文化情境密切关联,中国的绩效考核政治行为由41个条目构成,抬高型评价远多于贬低型评价;其二阶因素结构包含公私兼顾型高评、伪善自私型高评、损人利己型低评和为公恶人型低评4个二阶因子以及9个一阶因子。这一研究发现首次实证支持了操控评级行为——评价者动机两维四象限的理论模型,从对评价者影响的角度拓展了对绩效考核政治行为的三维认识,也为进一步研究其形成机理和影响效应提供了测量工具。

The study on politics of performance appraisal which focuses on evaluation behavior distorting results deliberately provides a new perspective to understand evaluation deviation.However,the absence of the basic research on the structure of political behavior of performance appraisal in China is a bottleneck for this research field development.Based on qualitative and quantitative analysis,this paper shows that political behaviors of performance appraisal are closely related to special cultural context.China＇s performance appraisal political behavior consists of 41 items;lenient appraisal varies far more than oppressive appraisal.41 items compose tow-order factor structure that contains nine first-order factors,and the four second-order factors are win-win appraisal,organization loss-selfishness,and selfishnessharm others,selfless.The research finding not only provides empirical evidences for the four quadrants＇ theoretical model including two dimensions that are distorted rating behavior and appraiser＇s motivation,but also expands the three-dimensional view of politics of performance appraisal from the angle of its influence on appraisers.In addition,the questionnaire that consists of 41 items provides a preliminary measurement tool for further studying formation mechanism and influence effects of politics of performance appraisal.