原油管道流动安全评价方法及体系

Evaluation method and system for the flow safety of crude oil pipelines

易凝高黏原油管道在运行中存在初凝、凝管及蜡堵等流动安全风险,传统研究方法和现场经验方法由于忽略影响流动安全各主要因素(原油物性、流变性、管道周围环境、气象因素及运行参数等)的波动性,取统计平均值的方法来确定计算参数,因而无法综合评价和预测各参数变化的协同效应对管道流动安全的影响。为此,中国石油管道科技研究中心和中国石油大学(北京)借鉴"基于可靠性的极限状态方法"在其他行业和技术领域的尝试和应用,首次将该理念和方法引入对陆上长距离易凝高黏原油管道的流动安全性评价上,建立了评价体系,开发了相应的软件平台,实现了对中国主要原油管道的流动安全评价,推动了储运工艺研究理论和应用的发展。

When the crude oil of high pour point and high viscosity is transported in a pipeline,the pipeline is faced with many flow safety risks during its operation, such as initial gelling, pipeline gelling and wax blocking. Traditional research approaches and field experience neglect the fluctuation of main factors influencing flow safety （e.g.the physical properties and rheology of crude oil, and the parameters in relation to surroundings of pipeline, weather and operation） and calculate the parameters by means of statistical average value, so they cannot comprehensively evaluate and predict the synergistic effect of above mentioned parameters on the pipeline flow safety. In this paper, PetroChina Pipeline R ＆ D Center and China University of Petroleum （Beijing） introduced reliability-based limit state method into the flow safety evaluation on the long-distance land crude oil pipelines of high pour point and high viscosity for the first time, referring to its trials and applications in the other fields and industries. Then they established an evaluation system and developed the corresponding software platform. In this way, the flow safety evaluation on domestic main crude oil pipelines is realized. The research results promote the development of the theories and applications of storage and transportation technologies. （2 Figures, 3 Tables, 18 References）