冬春季舍饲对拉萨河谷彭波半细毛羊增重和产毛量的影响

Effects of Indoor Feeding on Weight Gain and Wool Mass of Pengbo Semi-fine Wool Sheep during Winter-spring Period in Lhasa River Valley

分析拉萨河谷冬春季放牧与舍饲彭波半细毛羊母羊体重损失、产毛量及其羔羊体增重之间的差异。试验选用河谷型彭波半细毛羊母羊60只(约1.5岁,31.3±0.43 kg)以及出生时间接近的羔羊22只,随机分为放牧组和舍饲组。放牧组白天放牧,归牧后圈入羊舍接受羊用精饲料补饲,补饲量为400 g/d。舍饲组圈养,自由采食绿麦草干草,精料饲喂量、饲喂时间同放牧组。试验执行期为5个月,试验期间每月月初对各组母羊及其羔羊进行空腹称重,5月底剪毛的时候测量产毛量。试验结果表明:经过5个月饲养,舍饲组母羊期末体重达到32.4 kg,全期平均增加体重5.6 g/d;而放牧组期末体重为28.8 kg,全期体重损失22.8 g/d,二者差异显著(P=0.020;P=0.011)。虽然两组母羊产毛量在处理组间未达到统计显著水平,但舍饲组较放牧组产毛量提高了9.1%。舍饲组羔羊体重从初生的3.79 kg增加到16.1 kg,全期平均日增重为120 g/d;放牧组羔羊体重从出生重的3.32 kg增加到15.2 kg,全期平均日增重为97 g/d,显著低于舍饲组(P=0.021)。以上结果表明,拉萨河谷彭波半细毛羊采取冬春季舍饲对其生产性能的改善非常有益,舍饲的适宜时间为12~3月份。

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of indoor feeding on liveweight loss and wool production of Pengbo semi-fine wool ewes and weight gain of their lambs during winter-spring period in Lhasa River Valley. Sixty Pengbo semi-fine wool ewes with approximately 1.5 years of age and a mean body weight of 31.3 kg, as well as 22 head lambs that were born at similar time were randomly divided into grazing（GZ） and indoor feeding（IF） group. Animals in the GZ group were grazed in the day and were received the concentrate supplementation with the amount of 400 g/d after returning to sheds. While the animals in the IF group were fed indoors with the same amount of concentrate and free access to Secalecereale hay throughout the experimental period. The experimental period was five months from December to April. The ewes and their lambs were weighed monthly prior to grazing or feeding throughout of the experimental period. Wool mass was measured in May when shearing. The results showed that the ewes in the IF group had higher final bodyweight（32.4 kg） than those in the GZ group（28.8 kg; P=0.020）; over the five months the weight gain of the ewes was higher in the IF group（5.6 g/d） compared to the GZ group（–22.8 g/d; P=0.011）. Although there was no significantly difference between the two treatment groups, wool production in the IF group was higher by 9.1% than that in the GZ group. The bornweight of lambs in the IF and GZ treatments were 3.79 and 3.32 kg respectively, which increased to 16.1 and 15.2 kg respectively at the end of experiment, consequently leading to a higher weight gain in IF treatment（120 g/d） than that in the GZ treatment（97 g/d, P=0.021）. It can be concluded that indoor feeding from December to March has the most beneficial effects on improving growth performance of Pengbo semi-fine wool ewes and their lambs.