中日大学公共体育课程改革的比较研究

Comparative Study on the Reform of Public Physical Education Curriculum in College between China and Japan

20世纪90年代以后,我国和日本两国大学的公共体育课程陆续开始改革,相较于日本,我国大学公共体育课程的改革步伐稍显缓慢,改革内容也相对保守。课程设置上,目前,我国大学公共体育课程统一按照教育部的要求制定,即大学一、二年级公共体育课为必修,但日本大学目前已此无硬性要求。课程形式上,我国大学公共体育课程要求开始多于15个体育项目,而日本大学公共体育课程更注重学生综合素质培养,采取"理论+实践"模式。课程考核上,我国沿用百分制,日本采取等级制。通过对中、日两国大学公共体育课程改革的比较发现,日本大学公共体育课程改革的部分经验值得我国学习和借鉴。

China and Japan started to reform the public physical education curriculum in college gradually in 1990s. Compared with Japan, the curriculum reform went on slowly in China and it was conservative. For the curricular arrangement, the public physical education course is mandatory for the Freshman and Sophomore students in China based on the requirement of the Ministry of Education , while Japanese universities doesnt require the students to attend the public physical education course. For the curricular design, Chinese universities provide more than 15 physical education projects, yet Japanese universities focus on improving the students comprehensive skills by conducting the ＂Theory ＋ Practice＂ program. For the course assessment, China uses the centesimal system while Japan takes the grading system. Through the comparison of the reform of the public physical education curriculum in college between China and Japan, it is found out that China can learn something from the curriculum reform in Japan.