德国家庭政策的核心框架与特征

The Core Measures and Characteristics of the Family Policy in Germany

德国是世界上著名的"家庭友好"国度,非常注重家庭政策。从广义角度讲,德国家庭政策包括经济性措施和服务性措施两类。本文聚焦于经济性家庭政策,即为了达到"保护家庭""确保家庭保持经济稳定""均衡不同家庭类型差异"等目的而采取的经济性措施,比如税费减免措施、直接发放的货币补助、在社会保障领域中实施的福利措施。本文重点阐释德国经济性家庭政策的五种核心措施,并分析德国家庭政策的主要特征及其对中国的意义。

Germany is the world's famous"family friendly"country,with great emphasis on family policy.In a broad sense,the German family policy includes two categories of economic and service measures.This article focuses on the economic family policy,namely,the economic measures,such as tax and fee reduction measures,direct monetary subsidies,and welfare measures in the field of social security,in order to achieve the purpose of"protecting families","ensuring family keeping economic stability"and"balancing the difference of different family types".This article focuses on the five core measures of German economic family policy,and analyzes the main characteristics of German family policy and its significance to China.