莎士比亚戏剧功能词and的语义探究——以隐、转喻认知为视角

Study on Semantics of Function Word “And” in Shakespeare's Plays——A Metaphorical and Metonymic Cognitive Perspective

据语料库统计,"and"是莎剧中高频、多义的功能词之一,在莎剧情节中起着生成意义的作用。以认知隐喻和转喻为视角,分析莎翁四大悲剧和四大喜剧中"and"的语义,发现"and"的时间意义是空间意义的隐喻,时间意义又通过隐喻和转喻延伸出因果、条件、目的、转折、评论等语用义;这些语义在认知上呈现出层级性。

Function word ＂and＂ is one of the high frequency and polysemous conjunctions in Shakespeare＇s plays, which impacts on the generation of meaning in dramatic situation. Based on the cognitive theory of metaphor and metonymy, this paper analyzed the multi-semantic pragmatics of ＂and＂ in Shakespeare＇s four great tragedies and four comedies. This study proves that the metaphor of ＂space＂,＂time＂ extended lots of contextual meanings through metaphor and metonymy, such as cause, condition, purpose, adversative relation, comment; and they are hierarchical in cognition.