CMSs/APP对PET阻燃性能的影响

Effect of CMSs/APP on the Flame Retardant Properties of PET

结合阻燃剂复配技术,以碳微球(CMSs)与聚磷酸铵(APP)为添加材料,通过熔融共混法制备了CMSs/APP/PET复合材料。采用锥形量热仪(CONE)、极限氧指数(LOI)、垂直燃烧测试(UL-94)、扫描电镜(SEM)等对CMSs/APP/PET复合材料的阻燃性能进行了研究,并对CMSs与APP的配比及含量进行优化。结果表明,单独添加3%CMSs可使PET的LOI值提高到25.1%,释热速率峰值(PHRR)从513.22kW/m^2下降到382.51kW/m^2,但该复合材料不能通过UL-94的测试;单独添加3%APP仅可使PET的LOI值提高到21.9%,但其UL-94可达到V-0级。通过探讨不同配比的CMSs/APP对PET阻燃性能的研究发现,在CMSs/APP的添加量为2%,质量比为1∶2时,CMSs/APP/PET复合材料的阻燃效应最佳,其LOI值可达27.5%,PHRR值下降了45.4%,总产烟量(TSP)由14.4m^2下降到12.4m^2,残炭量由13.2%增加到17.3%,且UL-94可达到V-0级,可满足PET在不同燃烧方向的阻燃要求。

Carbon microspheres （CMSs） and ammonium polyphosphate （APP） as the addition materials, CMSs/APP/PET composites were prepared by melt blending method. The flame retardancy of CMSs/APP/PET composites were characterized by cone calorimeter （CONE）, limiting oxygen index （LOI） method, vertical burning method （UL-94） and scanning electron microscope （SEM）. Then the mass ratio of CMSs to APP and the amount of CMSs/APP were optimized. The results showed that the addition of 3% CMSs increased the LOI value of PET （21%） to 25.1%, and the peak heat release rate （PHRR） decreased from 513.22 kW/m^2 to 382.51 kW/m^2, but could not pass the UL-94 test. Adding 3% APP only increased the LOI value of PET to 21.9%, but could reach the V-0 level. When the mass ratio of CMSs to APP was 1 ∶2 and the total mass content was 2%, the flame retardant effect of CMSs/APP/PET composites was the best, with the LOI value up to 27.5%, PHRR value decreasing by nearly 50%, total smoke production （TSP） decreasing from 14.4 m^2 to 12.4 m^2, residual carbon increasing from 13.2% to 17.3% and UL-94 reaching V-0 rating. The CMSs/APP/PET composites could meet the flame retardant requirements for the different burning directions.