热泵型纯电动汽车空调系统特性

Performance of Heat Pump Air-conditioning System for Pure Electric Vehicle

本文以R134a为制冷剂并采用三换热器设计了热泵汽车空调系统,搭建了热泵系统台架,并在制冷和制热5种工况下进行了性能测试,研究了压缩机转速、风量及环境工况对系统的影响,分析了该系统用于电动汽车的可行性。测试结果表明:温度越低,系统效率越低。-20℃压缩机转速为3 000 r/min时,系统性能系数COP约为1.5;相同工况下,系统COP随压缩机转速的增加而先增大后减小;相同工况下,系统COP随换热器风量的增加而增加。压缩机采用热泵系统,可以节约电能从而提高电动汽车续航里程。

In the study, a heat pump system with three heat exchangers was applied on an air-conditioning system of an electric vehicle, in which R134a is the refrigerant. The bench of the heat pump system was constructed, and performance were tested in five conditions with respect to cooling and heating, and the ettects of compressor speed, air volume, and ambient conditions on the system performance were examined. The tested performances under various operation conditions were used to analyze the teasibility of the system for electric vehicles. The experimental results indicate that when compressor speed con＇esponds to 3 000 r/rain at - 20 ℃, 1 ） the coefficient of performance （COP） of the system is approximately 1.5 ; 2） with the increases in the compressor speed, the COP initially increases and sub- sequently decreases; 3 ） the COP of the system increases with increases in the amount of air of the heat exchanger. Thus, the results re- veal that the heat pump system saves electricity and improves the cruising range of vehicle mileage.