在花生上登记的农药对鸟类和蜜蜂的初级风险评估

Primary Risk Assessment of Pesticides Registered on Peanuts to Bird and Honey Bee

采用现有的风险评估标准方法,评估了花生上登记农药对鸟类和蜜蜂的初级风险。结果表明,在喷施农药中,辛硫磷、毒死蜱和多菌灵对鸟类的风险商值均大于1,风险不可接受;溴氰菊酯、代森锌和多效唑对蜜蜂的风险不可接受。在所评估的8种种子处理农药中,毒死蜱、辛硫磷、吡虫啉、呋虫胺和噻虫嗪对鸟类的风险商值均大于1,风险不可接受。在所评估的9种颗粒剂农药中,克百威、丁硫克百威、涕灭威、二嗪磷和灭线磷对鸟类的风险商值均大于1,风险不可接受。在所评估的21种土壤或种子处理内吸性农药中,吡虫啉、噻虫嗪、呋虫胺、克百威、涕灭威和丁硫克百威对蜜蜂的风险商值均大于1,风险不可接受。建议对上述农药进行高级风险评估或采取风险降低措施。

The primary risk assessment of pesticides registered on peanuts to bird and honey bee was conducted according to the existing risk assessment method. The results showed that among the pesticides which were applied by spraying, the risk of phoxim, chlorpyrifos and carbendazim to bird was unacceptable, the risk of deltamethrin, zineb, paclobutrazol to honey bee was unacceptable. Among 8 pesticides which were applied by seed treatment, the risk of chlorpyrifos, phoxim, imidacloprid, dinotefuran and thiamethoxam to bird was unacceptable. Among 9 granule pesticides, the risk of carbofuran, carbosulfan, aldicarb, diazinon and ethoprophos to bird was unacceptable. Among 21 pesticides which were applied by soil or seed treatment, the risk of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, dinotefuran, carbofuran, aldicarb and carbosulfan to honey bee was unacceptable. However higher tier risk assessment or measures of risk reduction should be used for the above pesticides.