新时期的农地制度改革:方案评析和路径选择

Rural Land System Reform in the New Era: Scheme Evaluation and Route Choice

农村土地集体所有制度改革是我国实施乡村振兴战略、开启新一轮制度红利的中心环节和关键挑战。目前我国学者针对我国农村土地制度改革大致提出了土地集体所有权强化制、土地股份合作制、土地国有农民永佃或永包制、土地集体所有农民永包制、多元化土地制度、土地私有制和农村土地三权分置改革等七种方案。在这七种改革方案中,农村土地三权分置是当下较为适合我国国情的改革方案,为了落实这一方案,必须合理界定三权的权利边界和土地经营权的物权化,防范土地三权分置的缺陷,完善农村社会保障制度。

The reform of rural land collective system is the central link and key challenge of opening a new round of system in order to implement the strategy of rural rejuvenation. At present, scholars of our country put forward roughly old-age rural collective land ownership, the cooperative system of land joint stock and state-owned land, the system of farmers＇ permanent collective farmers and package, the system of diversified land reform mentality. For comparative analysis between enclosures or land , private permanent package, the system land owners seven systems, separation hip and the separation of division is the most of land of rural suitable system of the rural land in our country. We should put forward the reasonable definition of real right of management separation of the rights of the boundary finally and the separation of land division to prevent defects and countermeasures of perfecting the rural social security system.