要素错配、技术进步偏向与全要素生产率增长——基于装备制造业细分行业的随机前沿模型分析

Factor Misallocation, Biased Technological Progress and Total Factor Productivity Growth——Based on the Analysis of the Stochastic Frontier Model of the Sub-sectors in Equipment Manufacturing Industry

以中国2000—2016年装备制造业细分行业的分地区面板数据为样本,系统分析全要素生产率增长率及其分解项的波动,测度技术进步偏向和要素错配指数,并检验要素错配对技术进步偏向的影响。研究发现：要素错配、技术进步偏向与全要素生产率增长率在行业间和区域间均存在明显异质性;全要素生产率增长率呈逐年降低趋势,且技术进步偏向已成为阻碍全要素生产率增长的关键因素;多个行业的要素错配已成为加剧技术进步偏向的重要原因。

Using the panel data of the sub-sectors in China＇s equipment manufacturing industry from 2000 to 2016, this paper systematically analyzed the fluctuation of total factor productivity growth and its decomposition terms, then estimated technical progress bias index and factor misallocation index, and examined the influence of factor misallocation on biased technological progress. The study finds that factor misallocation, biased technological progress and total factor productivity growth have obvious heterogeneity among industries and regions. Meanwhile, the growth rate of total factor productivity has been decreasing year by year,where biased technological progress was the key factor hindering the growth of total factor productivity. Moreover, factor misallocation in several industries has mainly aggravated biased technological progress.