哈萨克斯坦资源法演变及新法执行中可能出现的问题

The evolution of Kazakhstan's Mineral Resource Law and possible problems in its implementation

以哈萨克斯坦新资源法颁布为契机,介绍哈国矿产资源法演变历程与执行情况。资源法是矿产领域的基础法律文件,对哈国吸引外资,合理利用矿产资源,平衡国家、企业和地方政府之间利益分配方面起到重要作用。分析新《矿产资源及矿产资源利用法典》在名称、结构、油气合同类型、资源使用权的授予方式及与勘探有关的变化,介绍新增"基础设计文件"概念,强化弃置基金管理。提醒投资者注意法律执行过程中可能出现的问题:勘探开发联合型合同与合理利用资源的问题,弃置基金的执行情况,区块的产生与范围划定,试油过程中伴生气的燃放,以及对老油田石油合同的管理。

Base on the opportunity of enactment of Kazakhstan＇s new Resource Law, this paper introduces the evolution and implementation of the Mineral Resources Law in Kazakhstan. Mineral Resources Law, the basic legal document for the operation of mineral resources, plays a very important role in attracting foreign investment, rationally and systematically utilizing mineral resources, and balancing the benefits distribution among countries, enterprises and local governments. It analyzes the changes in the new Law of Mineral and Mineral Resources Application, explains the impact of the new Resource Law on investment in the sector of the mineral resources in Kazakhstan, including： name, structure, type of oil and gas contract, granting method of resource use rights, changes related to exploration, added concept of ＂basic design documents＂ and strengthens the management of abandoned funds. It reminds investors should pay attention to such possible problems in the implementation of the law as joint contracts during the exploration and development, rational use of resources, implementation of abandoned funds, creation and scope delimitation of blocks, discharge of associated gas during oil tests, and the management of oil contracts in old oil fields.