对儿童过敏相关性疾病的过敏原检测分析

Analysis of anaphylaxis for children with allergy related diseases

目的探讨儿童过敏相关性疾病的过敏原情况,为临床在儿童过敏相关性疾病的诊治提供一定依据。方法采用体外自动蛋白免疫印迹仪XD236的过敏原检测系统,对过敏性鼻炎组、过敏性胃肠炎组、过敏性鼻炎组、哮喘组、肺炎组进行过敏原的分析。结果 758例患儿过敏原阳性总检出率为63. 9%,过敏性鼻炎组过敏原阳性率为最高,达92. 6%,过敏性皮炎组过敏原阳性率为60. 3%,哮喘组过敏原阳性率为66. 8%,肺炎组过敏原阳性率为62. 0%。阳性率最高的吸入过敏原是户尘螨/粉尘螨组合(19. 5%),阳性率最高的前2位食物过敏原是牛奶(50. 9%)和牛肉/羊肉组合(44. 6%),食物过敏原过敏阳性率比吸入过敏原阳性率要高,婴幼儿以食物过敏原为主,而7岁以上儿童以吸入过敏原为主。5组疾病组的过敏原种类和数量分布差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论过敏相关性疾病患儿的年龄分布和过敏原种类不同,因此对过敏相关性疾病要分类诊治。

Objective To explore the allergen of children with allergic related diseases,so as to provide basis for the diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases in children. Methods Using in vitro automated protein imprinting instrument XD236 allergen detection system,to detect the allergens in allergic rhinitis group,allergic dermatitis group,allergic gastroenteritis group,asthma group and pneumonia group. Results The total positive rate of allergens in 758 children was 63. 9%. The positive rate of allergens in allergic rhinitis group was the highest（ 92. 6%）. The positive rate in allergic dermatitis group was 60. 3%. The positive rate in allergic group was 66. 8%,the positive rate of allergens in the pneumonia group was 62. 0%. The most inhaled allergen with the highest positive rate was household dust mites/dust mites combination（ 19. 5%）. The first two food allergens with the highest positive rate were milk（ 50. 9%） and beef/mutton combination（ 44. 6%）. The positive rate of food allergens was higher than that of inhaled allergens; food allergens were dominant in infants and young children,and inhaled allergens were dominant in children over 7 years old. There was statistical significance on the differences in the distributions of allergen types and numbers among the five groups（ P 0. 05）. Conclusion There are differences in the distribution of age and allergen types in children with allergen related diseases. Therefore,the diagnosis and treatment of allergy related diseases should be classified.