城市治理中的“软法”逻辑:摊贩的利益组织化与协商治理

Soft Law Logic in Urban Governance: Organization of Vendor’s Interest and Deliberative Governance

流动摊贩与城管之间冲突频发的事实不仅对城市治理的有效性提出了挑战,而且对城管治理行动的合法性提出了质疑。城市治理中的暴力表征、内在对抗以及被扭曲的市场理性等,均表明流动摊贩的治理已经走入陷阱。摊贩经济具有自然和历史的合理性,其问题又兼具敏感性和矛盾性等复杂特点,重新认识摊贩有关经济和社会等多方面的意义非常必要。与城管所采用的制裁威胁等＂硬工具＂不同,成立摊贩组织实现摊贩利益的组织化,并在此基础上促成协商性治理,是城市治理的软法。政府、城管与摊贩组织之间,组织与其内部成员之间应加强各种直接或间接形式的交互活动,将有利于多元治理主体＂共治＂的实践,推动治理创新向主要依赖水平化、混合化、关联化和合作化形式的转变。

The fact that the conflicts between the mobile vendors and the urban management officers has not only challenged the effectiveness of urban governance,but also raised questions about the legality of the operation of urban management. The violence representation,inner confrontation and distorted market rationality and so forth in urban governance all show that the governance of mobile vendors is gradually becoming a trap. Vendor economy is of natural and historical rationality. The problem has both sensitivity and contradiction and other complex characteristics. It is very necessary to recognize the economic and social meanings of multiple aspects of vendors. Different from such ＂hard tools＂as the threat of sanctions adopted by the urban management officers,the establishment of vendor organization to realize the organization of vendors＇ interests,and to promote the deliberative governance on this basis is the soft law of urban governance. Interactive activities in the direct or indirect form should be strengthened among governments,urban management officers and vendor organizations,the organizations and their members,which will be conducive to the practice of＂shared governance＂of the pluralistic governing subjects,promotes the transformation of governance innovation to the form of complanation,hybridization,association and cooperation.