江苏盐城滨海地区地表水体重金属的污染特征及评价

Pollution characteristics and assessment of heavy metals in surface water of Yancheng coastal area in Jiangsu

对江苏盐城滨海地区地表水体的Pb、Cr、Cd、As、Hg污染现状进行研究,采用相关性分析和主成分分析对水体重金属的来源进行分析,同时采用综合污染指数法对重金属的污染状况进行评价。结果表明,盐城滨海地区地表水体Pb、Cr、Cd平均值分别为0.120、0.290、0.040mg/L,As、Hg平均值分别为2.63、0.16μg/L。Pb、Cr、Cd分别有54.2%、83.3%、70.8%的采样点超出《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)Ⅴ类标准,说明盐城滨海地区地表水Pb、Cr、Cd的污染较严重。相关性分析和主成分分析结果表明,Pb、Cr来自工业源,Cd主要来自工业源和农业源,As主要来自农业源和自然源,Hg则主要来自自然源。根据综合污染指数评价结果,盐城滨海地区地表水体50%的采样点属于中度污染,50%的采样点属于重度污染,盐城滨海地区地表水体水质污染较为严重。

The concentrations of heavy metals（Pb,Cr,Cd,As and Hg）in surface water of Yancheng coastal area in Jiangsu were studied.The possible sources of heavy metals in surface water were analyzed by correlation analysis and principal component analysis.Meanwhile,the pollution level of heavy metals was evaluated by comprehensive pollution index of heavy metals in water.The results demonstrated that the average concentrations of Pb,Cr,Cd were 0.120,0.290,0.040 mg/L,and those of As and Hg were 2.63,0.16μg/L.There were 54.2%,83.3%and 70.8%samples overⅤclass of＂Standard of water quality＂（GB 3838-2002）for Pb,Cr and Cd which indicated the pollution of Pb,Cr and Cd in surface water of coastal area in Yancheng was severe.The results of correlation analysis and principal component analysis demonstrated that Pb and Cr were from industrial source,and Cd was from industrial and agricultural source.Hg was from natural sources,and As was mainly from agricultural and natural sources.In addition,the comprehensive pollution index demonstrated that 50% of sample sites was under moderate pollution levels,and 50% of sample sites was under severe pollution levels,which indicated that the surface water of coastal area in Yancheng was polluted seriously.