相位替换法在海洋地震资料剩余时差校正中的应用

The Application of Phase Substitution Method to Correction of Residual Moveout in Marine Seismic Data

较好叠加剖面的获得和AVO信息的正确提取都要求消除道集上的各种时差,校平同相轴。实际中使用的各种时差校正方法应用于实际资料时都存在着一定的局限性,经过各种时差校正后的地震数据上仍存在有剩余时差。以相位替换法时差校正为理论基础,通过改变相位谱来改变信号的到达时。通过对理论模型的验证及对实际数据的分析,优化了相位替换法的两个关键参数,指出对于海洋地震勘探很难获取的零偏移距道,可以采用叠加后数据作为参考道,并在实际处理时采用各道分时窗处理,在此基础上开发了Focus地震资料处理系统下剩余时差校正模块RPMO(Residual Phase Moveout),并对实际海洋地震数据进行了处理,结果表明经优化后的相位替换法对剩余时差校正后有较好的应用效果。

In order to obtain a better stack section and extract the correct AVO information, it requires to eliminate various time differences on a gather. There still exist the limitations of residual moveout when all kinds of moveout correction methods are applied to practical seismic data. In this paper, the arrival time of the signal is changed by changing the phase spectrum based on the phase substitution method. Based on the theoretical model and actu- al data analysis, two key parameters of phase substitution method are optimized. And it ispointed out that the superimposed data can be used as the reference track for the zero-offset trace which is difficult to obtain in marine seismic exploration, and each trace time-sharing window can be used in actual processing. On this basis, the residual moveout correction module RPMO （Residual Phase Moveout）, under Focus seismic data processing system, is developed and the actual marine seismic data are processed. The results show that the method of optimized phase substitution has a good effect on residual moveout correction.