健身气功锻炼对老年人身体形态、机能及其素质的影响

Effect of Health Qigong Exercise on Body Shape, Function and Fitness of The Elderly

目的探讨12周健身气功干预对老年人的身体形态、身体机能和身体素质的影响,为老年人体质健康干预提供参考。方法采用自身前后对照试验,对131名老年人进行12周健身气功干预。结果与干预试验前相比,12周健身气功干预后:1)老年人身体形态未有明显变化(p>0.05),但体成分变化显著(p<0.01);2)老年人收缩压和舒张压下降明显(p<0.01),安静心率下降显著(p<0.01),肺活量明显增加(p<0.01);3)老年人坐位体前屈显著提高(p<0.01),握力增加不明显(p>0.05),闭眼单脚站立时间提高显著(p<0.05),脚动反应时时间缩短显著(p<0.01)。结论 12周健身气功干预对老年人体成分、心血管系统、呼吸系统,以及柔韧、平衡和反应能力均有积极的影响。

Objective To explore the effect of qigong exercise on physical shape, physical function and physical fitness of old people, so as to provide reference for exercise intervention for the elderly. Methods A 12-week qigong intervention was performed on 131 elderly people using their own controlled trials. Results Compared with pre-intervention trial, after 12 weeks of qigong exercise, there was no significant change in the body shape of the elderly （p〉0.05）, but the body composition changes significantly（p〈0.01 ）. In physical function, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, resting heart rate decreased significantly （p〈0.01）, and the lung capacity increased significantly （p〈0.01）. In the physical fitness, The sit and reach test of the elderly was significantly increased（p〈0.01）, the grip strength was not significantly increased （p〉0.05）, the standing time of the closed eye was significantly increased （p〈0.05）, and the time of the foot movement was shortened significantly （p〈0.01）. Conclusion qigong exercise for 12 weeks has positive effect on the body composition, cardiovascular system, respiratory system, and flexibility, balance and responsiveness of the elderly.