“党军共生”背景下的多重实践——1927～1934年中共的军队政治工作与党军关系

Multiple Practices against the Backdrop of Symbiotic Relations between the Party and the Armed Forces——The CPC Military Political Work and the Relations between the Party and the Military from 1927 to 1934

1927~1934年间,经过艰难努力,共产党建立了一支自己领导下的革命军队,并在组织制度层面基本实现了对这支军队的领导和控制。在以党领军的同时,党及其革命事业在很大程度上也离不开军队的护持。这样,党军之间实际上是一种共生关系。不过,这种共生关系,特别是党对军队的领导和控制的稳定与巩固,并使其按党的意志行动,达到提高军队战斗力的目的,还有赖具体的军队政治工作实践。但相关档案资料透露出来的信息告诉我们,由于受多种因素的影响,这一时期内中共军队政治工作存在一些问题,使党对军队的领导在实践层面出现了不稳定的现象,存在区域性的差别,党对不同武装力量形态的领导和控制程度也不尽相同。这些问题和差异,从某种程度上说明党军关系的基本制度设计与具体实践过程也存在一些需要不断发展完善的体制机制保障。

From 1927 to 1934 the Communist Party of China set up its own revolutionary army after arduous efforts and gained leadership and control over it at the institutional level.Meanwhile,the Party and its revolutionary cause need the support of the military.Thus,the Party and the military actually established a symbiotic relationship.This symbiosis,however,as some related documents reveal,has many problems in the actual interactions between the Party and the military during the same period.To some extent,these problems show that the basic system design and the process of the concrete practice of this dual relationship need to improve in many aspects.