腹腔镜与开腹手术治疗异位妊娠的临床护理

Clinical nursing of laparoscopy and laparotomy in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy

目的探讨腹腔镜与开腹手术治疗异位妊娠的临床护理。方法 40例异位妊娠患者,采用信封法分为对照组和实验组,每组20例。对照组给予开腹手术治疗,实验组给予腹腔镜手术治疗,两组均给予临床护理。对比两组满意情况;术后康复时间、术后疼痛持续天数、抗生素使用时间和镇痛药物使用时间;治疗护理前后诺丁汉健康量表(NHP)评分、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分;术后并发症发生情况。结果实验组患者的满意率100.00%显著高于对照组的50.00%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗护理前两组患者的NHP评分、SAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗护理后实验组患者的NHP评分、SAS评分均优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组患者术后康复时间、术后疼痛持续天数、抗生素使用时间和镇痛药物使用时间均短于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组术后并发症率10.00%低于对照组的40.00%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论异位妊娠患者实施腹腔镜手术治疗和护理效果好,可改善患者健康及心理症状,减少术后并发症发生率。

Objective To discuss the clinical nursing of laparoscopy and laparotomy in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy. Methods A total of 40 ectopic pregnancy patients were divided by envelope method into control group and experimental group, with 20 cases in each group. The control group received laparotomy for treatment, and the experimental group received laparoscopy for treatment. Both groups received clinical nursing. Comparison were made on satisfaction, postoperative recovery time, postoperative pain duration, antibiotic usage time and analgesic drug usage time, Nottingham Health Profile（NHP） score, self-rating anxiety scale（SAS） score before and after treatment and nursing, and postoperative complications between the two groups. Results The experimental group had obviously higher satisfaction rate as 100.00% than 50.00% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Before treatment and nursing, there was no statistically significant difference in NHP score and SAS score（P〈0.05）. After treatment and nursing, the experimental group had better NHP score and SAS score than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The experimental group had shorter postoperative recovery time, postoperative pain duration, antibiotic usage time and analgesic drug usage time than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The experimental group had lower incidence of postoperative complications as 10.00% than 40.00% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Laparoscopic surgery provides good nursing effect for patients with ectopic pregnancy, and it can improve the health and psychological symptoms of patients and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.