基于小麦突变新种质的花药培养力基因初步定位

Preliminary Gene Mapping for Anther Culture Ability Based on a New Wheat Germplasm With High Anther Culture Ability

为挖掘花药培养力相关性状QTL,阐明花药离体培养的遗传控制基础,本研究以突变新种质H307与优质早熟品种郑麦9023为亲本,构建了含有131个株系的重组自交系群体。表型分析结果表明,胚状体(愈伤组织)诱导率、绿苗分化率、白苗分化率、白苗产率均表现为双侧的超亲分离,绿苗产率则表现为单侧的超亲分离,仅有超低亲的株系;采用SSR分子标记技术及QTL Icimapping 3.3软件的完备区间作图法(ICIM)对花药培养力相关性状基因/QTL的定位研究,检测到4个与胚状体(愈伤组织)诱导率、绿苗产率、白苗分化率相关的QTL,分别位于5B、6B和3D染色体上,其中位于6B染色体上与绿苗分化相关的QTL位点,其增效等位基因来自于亲本H307,可能是1个新的QTL位点。本研究结果为在实践中解决花药培养基因型限制问题奠定了一定的理论基础。

In order to excavating QTLS velated to anther culture ability and elucidating the genetic control basis of anther culture in vitro. The recombinant inbred lines containing 113 progenies were derived from the cross of H307 γ-rays induced mutant and elite cultivar Zheng 9023, which was an early maturing variety with high-quality that widely applied in the production. The results of phenotypic analysis revealed that two-way transgressive segregation were observed in the traits of callus induction frequency, green plantlet regeneration frequency, albino plantlet differentiation frequency, and albino plantlet yield frequency. Whereas, green plantlet yield frequency was obvious one-way transgressive segregation with low-parent. The simple sequence repeat（SSR） molecular marker technology and inclusive composite interval mapping（ICIM） in QTL Icimapping 3.3 software were applied for QTL mapping of anther culture ability associated gene markers. A total of four QTLs loci related to the traits of callus induction frequency, green plantlet yield frequency and albino plantlet differentiation frequency were detected, which were located on 5 B, 6 A and 3 D chromosome, respectively. Additionally, the QTL on 6 A chromosome is possible to be a new locus associated with green plantlet yield frequency and the additive effect allele of this QTL was come from H307. The results of this study may lay a foundation for overcoming the limitation of genotype dependence in anther culture.