小麦种子老化处理对发芽指标及根系的影响

Effects of Aging Treatment on Germination Index and Root System of Wheat

为探究种子老化机理和种子贮藏后的有效利用,以新春26号、新春30号和新旱688号小麦种子为试验材料,采用高温高湿老化方法对不同品种的春小麦进行处理,研究种子活力及根系生长特性在0、3、6、9 d老化处理条件下的变化及各性状间的相关性。结果表明,随着人工老化处理时间的延长,种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数均呈显著下降趋势,说明种子在较短时间内所受到的高温高湿胁迫伤害较轻,老化处理的时间越长,种子受伤害越深。经老化3 d处理的新春30号和新旱688号的种子发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数均呈下降趋势,但未达到显著水平,而新春26号的种子活力指标从老化6 d才开始下降;萌发后的幼苗表现为老化时间越长,苗高越矮,根系的长度越短,对根系的其他指标影响更加显著。种子发芽指标、活力指标与根干重、长度、根表面积、根体积、平均直径均呈显著或极显著正相关。本研究为种子老化机理研究和种子贮藏后的有效利用提供了理论依据。

To explore the effective use of the seeds and seed storage mechanism of aging, this research employed Xinchun 26, 30 and Xinhan 688 as materials,using high-temperature and high-humidity aging methods to process different varieties of spring wheat seeds vigor and root growth characteristics of the correlation between aging and various traits change under process conditions of 0,3,6 and 9 days.The results showed that with the extension of artificial aging time, the seed germination rate, germination index, vigor index showed a significant downward trend, indicating that the seed in a relatively short time high temperature and humidity stress injury suffered lighter, aging the longer the treatment, the deeper the seed hurt.The seed germination power, germination rate and germination index of Xinchun 30 and Xinhan 688 after 3 days of aging all showed a downward trend, but did not reach a significant level, and the index of seed vigor of Xinchun 26 began to decline from 6 days of aging. The seedlings after germination showed that the longer the aging time, the shorter the height of the seedlings, the shorter the length of the root system, the more significant the other indicators of the root system. The seed germination index, vitality index and root dry weight, length, root surface area, root volume, and average diameter were significantly or extremely significant-positively correlated. This research provides a theoretical basis for seed aging mechanism and effective use of seeds after storage.