马铃薯栽培品种和地方品种矿质元素含量差异分析

Mineral Contents Variation Among Cultivated and Local Potatoes

为明确地方品种在马铃薯微营养育种中的利用价值,本研究以46份马铃薯为试验材料,对比分析栽培品种和地方品种之间9种矿质元素(K、P、Na、Mg、Ca、Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu)含量的差异。结果表明,马铃薯各矿质元素的平均含量由高到低依次为K>P>Mg>Ca>Fe>Na>Zn>Mn>Cu,且各元素在栽培品种和地方品种内均存在较广的遗传多样性。栽培品种的K、P、Zn平均含量显著高于地方品种,而Na含量显著低于地方品种。相关性分析结果表明,栽培品种和地方品种马铃薯中K含量与P含量均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),Zn含量、Mg含量与Mn含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。聚类分析结果显示,试验用马铃薯可分为3类,每一类中既有栽培品种,又有地方品种,说明地方品种在马铃薯矿质元素微营养育种改良中的利用价值不大。本研究结果为地方品种在矿质元素微营养育种中的利用价值方面提供了一定的参考。

To explore the usefulness of the local potatoes in the micronutrients improvement for cultivated potatoes,46 potato accessions potato accessions including cultivated and local potatoes were used to study the differences in nine mineral elements（ K,P,Na,Mg,Ca,Fe,Mn,Zn and Cu）. The results showed that the average content of each mineral element in potato from high to low was in the order of K 〉P 〉Mg 〉Ca〉 Fe〉 Na〉 Zn〉 Mn〉 Cu,and the mineral element content exhibited wide genetic diversity in both cultivated and local potatoes. Although large variation in each element was found in both cultivars and local potatoes,the K,P and Zn contents of cultivated were higher than those in potatoes,while Na content was lower in the potato cultivars. The results of correlation analysis indicated that there were consistent extremely positive relationships between K and P（ P〈0. 01）,Zn and Mn,Mg and Mn（ P〈0. 05）among cultivated and local potatoes. Cluster analysis based on the mineral element contents revealed three clusters among all potato accessions,and each cluster included both cultivated and local potatoes,which suggested that local potatoes had minor role in the breeding for improvement of mineral content. This study provided reference for the breeding of mineral elements.