我国深静脉血栓护理研究现状的文献计量学分析

Bibliometric analysis on nursing research status of deep venous thrombosis in China

目的应用文献计量学分析方法探讨我国深静脉血栓护理的研究现状及存在的问题，为今后该领域的研究提供参考。方法通过中国生物医学文献数据库网络版、CNKI和万方数据库检索2011年1月1日-2017年10月31日在我国12种护理核心期刊上发表的深静脉血栓护理的相关文献，对研究类型、研究内容、研究对象、干预方法、评价指标及关键词等内容进行文献计量学分析。使用SPSS19．0对数据进行统计学处理。结果检索筛选后最终纳入291篇有效文献。研究方法以实验／类实验性研究最多（42．3％），干预方法以单一物理预防为主（30．1％），综合干预方法仅占10．6％；研究内容以深静脉血栓预防为主（55．0％），血栓风险评估和血栓治疗均占11．3％；研究人群以膝髋关节置换患者、肿瘤患者、下肢或髋部骨折患者为主；评价指标以血栓发生率最多，出血发生率最少。结论我国深静脉血栓护理干预性研究较多，但干预方法单一，研究质量及深度有待提高，血栓风险评估处于起步阶段。今后护士需加强综合干预方法在临床中的应用，重视血栓风险评估，识别血栓高危因素，重点关注血栓高危人群，建立高危科室血栓管理流程，开展深静脉血栓患者治疗的延续护理模式。

Objective By using bibliometric analysis method, the current situation and existing problems of deep venous thrombosis nursing in China were discussed to provide reference for future research in this field. Methods We searched and analyzed the literature about the nursing of deep venous thrombosis in 12 Chinese nursing core journals through Sino-Med, CNKI and Wanfang Datebase from 1st January 2011 to 31st October 2017. We used the bibliometrics to analyze research type, research contents, research object, intervention technique, evaluation indicator and keywords. The data was done with statistical treatment using SPSS 19.0 software. Results Totally 291 articles were included. About 42.3% articles were experimental or quasi-experimental study. The main intervention method was single physical prevention （30.1%）, but the comprehensive intervention approaches was just 10.6%. The prevention of deep vein thrombosis was the main research content （55.0%）, risk assessment and therapy of thrombosis was both 11.3%. The patients of knee and hip arthroplasty, cancer, lower limb or hip fracture were the main study population. The incidence of thrombosis was the most times as evaluating indexes, the incidence of bleeding was the lowest. Conclusions There were more intervention studies about nursing of deep vein thrombosis in China, however, the intervention method was single, the quality and depth of research still need to be improved, and risk assessment of thrombosis was in the initial stage. In future, nurses should put more comprehensive intervention approaches into clinical research, pay more attention on risk assessment of thrombosis, identify the risk factors of thrombosis, focus on the high risk population of thrombosis, establish the thrombosis management process in high risk department, and implement the model of continuing nursing in therapy of DVT patients.