摘要
目的调查分析2016年石家庄市农村环境卫生现状,为改善农村环境提供科学依据。方法通过查阅资料、访谈、现场观察、实验室检测等方法获得监测数据,对正定县、栾城县、赞皇县、无极县、藁城市、鹿泉市6个项目县进行调查。结果监测村有63.3%的垃圾处理方式选择填埋;生活污水排放方式主要是暗沟排放(50.9%);卫生户厕占总户数的74.7%,6个县卫生厕所覆盖率分别为98.3%、72.2%、33.5%、69.3%、75.6%、89.5%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=144 554,P<0.05);11.3%调查户中发现鼠迹,50.0%户中有苍蝇;6个县农村教室人均面积合格率分别为60.0%、88.9%、43.3%、25.0%、55.0%、61.7%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=51.9,P<0.05),教室内有两种不同高低型号或可调式课桌椅的合格率只有16.7%;土壤p H均值为8.0;镉超标率为6.7%;土壤样品蛔虫卵检出率为30.0%,检出活卵7个。结论石家庄市农村环境卫生监测点垃圾及污水处理方式等仍需改善。
Objective To investigate and analyze the current situation of rural environmental sanitation in Shijiazhuang in 2016,and to provide scientific basis for improving rural environment. Methods Investigations were conducted in 6 project counties( Luquan,Zhengding,Gaocheng,Luancheng,Zanhuang,Wuji) according to the monitoring data obtained through to information,interviews,field observation,laboratory testing and other methods. Results There were 63. 3% waste disposal methods in the monitoring village; domestic wastewater discharge was the main discharge ditch( 50. 9%); sanitary latrines accounted for74. 7% of the total number of households,and the coverage rate of sanitary latrines in 6 counties was statistically different( 98. 3%,72. 2%,33. 5%,69. 3%,75. 6%,89. 5%,χ^2= 144 554,P〈0. 05). 11. 3% of the surveyed households found that there were flies in 50. 0% households,and there was a statistically significant difference in the per capita area qualified rate of rural areas in 6 counties( 60. 0%,88. 9%,43. 3%,25. 0%,55. 0%,61. 7%,χ^2= 51. 9,P〈0. 05). There were 2 different types of desks and chairs in the classroom,and the pass rate was only 16. 7%. The soil p H average value was 7. 96,and the cadmium exceeding standard rate was 6. 7%; the detection rate of Ascaris eggs in soil samples was 30. 0%,and 7 live eggs were detected. Conclusion Garbage and sewage treatment in rural monitoring stations in Shijiazhuang have been improved,and vector control needs to be further strengthened.
作者
甄继革
陈凤格
范尉尉
杨军
马辉
ZHEN Jige;CHEN Fengge;FAN Weiwei;YANG Jun;MA Hui(The First Hospital ofShijiazhuang,Hebei 050011,China)
出处
《医学动物防制》
2018年第12期1175-1178,共4页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
基金
石家庄市科学研究与发展计划课题(13146243)
关键词
农村
环境卫生
现状
调查
Rural areas
Environmental sanitation
Current situation
Investigation