美沙酮维持治疗阿片依赖者情绪状态、生活质量及影响因素研究

Motional status,quality of life and its influencing factors of opioid dependent patients with methadone maintenance treatment

目的:了解美沙酮维持治疗阿片依赖者正性负性情绪及生活质量并分析其影响因素。方法:选择2016年5月-2018年3月门诊就诊的109例接受美沙酮维持治疗吸毒者作为调查对象,分别采用正性负性情绪量表(PANAS)和药物成瘾者生命质量量表(QOL-DA)进行评分,运用Logistic线性回归分析其影响因素。结果:单因素分析结果表明,性别、婚姻状况、文化程度、工作情况、吸毒时间、毒品主要使用方式、美沙酮维持治疗时间为PANAS影响因素(P <0. 05),年龄、婚姻状况、吸毒时间、毒品主要使用方式、美沙酮维持治疗时间为QOL-DA影响因素(P <0. 05)。进一步Logistic多因素分析显示,影响情绪状态的重要变量为婚姻状况、工作情况、美沙酮维持治疗时间(P <0. 05),影响生活质量的关键变量为婚姻状况、吸毒时间和美沙酮维持治疗时间,以上差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论:美沙酮维持治疗者的情绪状态及生活质量可受婚姻状况、工作情况、治疗时间及吸毒时间等的影响,应针对此影响因素采取有效的综合服务措施以改善其负性情绪和生活质量。

Objective： To understand the positive and negative emotion and quality of life in opioid dependent patients with methadone maintenance treatment, and analyze their influencing factors.Methods： From May 2017 to March 2018,a total number of 109 cases of narcotics dependent patients who accepted methadone maintenance treatment were selected. Positive and negative effect scale（ PANAS）and quality of life for drug addicts（ QOL-DA） were used to assess patients respectively.Results： The results of univariate analysis indicated that gender,marital status,educational level,job situation,duration of drug,main usage of drug and continuous time of methadone maintenance treatment were the influencing factors of PANAS（ P〈0. 05）; age,marital status,time of drug,main usage of drug and continuous time of methadone maintenance treatment were the influencing factors of QOL-DA（ P〈0. 05）.Logistic multivariate analysis further showed that the important factors were marital status,job situation,continuous time of methadone maintenance treatment influencing the emotion status of patients（ P〈0. 05）,and the key factors influencing quality of life were marital status,duration of drug,and continuous time of methadone maintenance treatment,the differences above were statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）.Conclusion： The emotion status and quality of life of patients with methadone maintenance treatment were affected by marital status,job situation,time of treatment and drug,effective and comprehensive service and measurement should be taken to improve the negative emotion and quality of life according to the influencing factor.