阿尔茨海默病生物标志物的研究进展

Recent advance in biomarkers of Alzheimer＇s disease

阿尔茨海默病（AD）属于一种隐匿性中枢神经系统变性疾病。随着世界人口的老龄化，AD的发病率也在逐渐升高。AD的病因机制目前尚不清楚，其发病可能受到环境因素和遗传因素的影响。目前临床上AD的诊断主要依靠认知功能量表测定及病史采集，用于AD诊断的生物标志物主要是脑脊液β淀粉样蛋白和tau蛋白。本文围绕目前国内外研究发现的有助于AD早期诊断的较新的相关生物标志物进行综述。

Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） is a kind of occult central neurodegenerative disease. The incidence of AD is gradually increased in aged societies. The etiological mechanism of AD is not clear and may be influenced by environmental or genetic factors. At present, clinical diagnosis of AD mainly relies on the measurement of cognitive function scale and the collection of medical history; the main biomarkers used for AD diagnosis are scaffold amyloid protein and Tau protein in the eerebrospinal fluid. In this review, some biomarkers which are helpful for early diagnosis of AD at home and abroad are described.