中国装备制造业的双重价值链分工——基于区域总产出增加值完全分解模型

Division of Double Value Chains of Chinese Equipment Manufacturing Industry——Based on Complete Decomposition Model of Regional Total Output

本文在国内价值链与全球价值链并行背景下,拓展Wang等(2013)和李跟强等(2016)模型,构建区域总产出增加值完全分解模型,从"供给侧—需求侧—紧密性"三个维度评价了中国装备制造业在双重价值链中的参与模式,在统一框架中检验了区域装备制造业在双重价值链中的地位。研究发现,中国装备制造业仍以"进口—加工—再出口"为流程的加工贸易为主嵌入全球价值链,技术密集型行业尤其明显。国内价值链中,东部区域开始由全球价值链紧密型向国内价值链紧密型转变,总体上形成了以东部区域为主导,带动中西部区域发展的趋势,部分子行业形成了供需较为均衡的国内价值链体系。西、东、中部区域依次位于国内价值链的上、中、下游,但三区域全球价值链地位指数均为负,说明我国装备制造业在全球价值链分工中仍具有"低端锁定"效应。

In the context of the coexisting of Global Value Chains （GVCs） and Na- tional Value Chains （NVCs）, this paper constructs a complete decomposition model of re- gional total output which develops the models of Wang et al. （2013） and Li et al. （2016）, evaluates the participation mode of China＇s equipment manufacturing industry in Double Value Chains from three aspects of Supply Side, Demand Side and Tightness, and examines the position of Chinese regional equipment manufacturing industry in the unified framework of Double Value Chains. We find that the equipment manufacturing industry in China still relies on the processing trade to participate in GVCs. In other words, the partic- ipation mode, especially in technology-intensive industries, is ＂import-processing-re-ex- port＂ of imported intermediate goods. In NVCs, East region begins to shift from biased GVCs to biased NVCs, which indicates that the equipment manufacturing industry in China has generally formed a trend that is dominated by the Eastern region and drives the development of the Central and Western region. Some sub-industries of equipment manu- facturing have formed relatively balanced NVCs. Western, Eastern and Central regions re- spectively occupy the upstream, midstream and downstream of the NVCs. However, the position indexes in GVCs of the three regions are all negative, indicating that the ＂low-end locking＂ effect of the equipment manufacturing industry in China still exist.