黑龙江省抗胞囊线虫大豆的分子遗传和相关基因挖掘（英文）

Molecular Genetic Analysis on Soybean Cyst Nematode Resistance in Heilongjiang Province,China

大豆胞囊线虫是世界大豆生产的一种毁灭性病原,为解析抗胞囊线虫大豆种质的分子遗传特征,挖掘相关基因,采用田间试验、接种鉴定和SLAF-seg技术相结合的方法,对黑龙江省主推的抗线虫品种的遗传性状和基因组遗传特性进行解析,并应用关联分析方法确立抗胞囊线虫3号小种的相关基因位点。研究结果表明:抗线品种的抗原来源于Franklin和Peking小黑豆;抗线2、抗线6、抗线10的遗传距离较近,品种间的遗传距离为0. 24和0. 213,抗线2与丰豆3的遗传距离为0. 799,亲缘关系较远.抗线2号及其抗线品种的进化SNP位点有105 563个,而品种间遗传保守位点4 352个,占进化标记位点的4. 12%;品种间相同等位变异在不同品种和不同染色体上存在差异;相同等位变异为56%～96. 3%;抗线2对抗线4和抗线6的遗传贡献表现在不同染色体上的遗传信息传递在65%以上,在4号染色体上,抗线2与抗线4、抗线6比较的相同等位变异比例达95%以上,在10号染色体上相同等位变异比例超过91%,推测抗线虫大豆在4、10号染色体上有一些特殊与主要农艺性状、胞囊线虫抗性、疫霉菌抗性、抗旱性、病毒病1号抗性、根系形态、脐色、百粒重等相关基因位点的遗传成为黑龙江省西部地区抗线大豆的生态遗传基础。在11号染色体上找到了抗胞囊线虫3号小种的关联位点4个,其中Glyma11g 35700. 1的增效作用较大,可用于大豆育种的分子标记辅助选择。

The soybean cyst nematode （SCN）, Heterodera glycines, is a major threat to soybean production around the world. In order to explore the molecular genetic characteristics of soybean germplasms resistant to SCN and screen SCN resistance re- lated genes, we analyzed the field trims, identified the resistance with SLAF-seq technology and identified the loci related to the resistance to SCN race 3 via genome-wide association mapping based on the genetic and genomic features of the SCN resist- ant soybean cultivars widely planted in Heilongjiang province, China. The results showed that the genetic sources of SCN re- sistance were Fliklin and Peking. Kangxian 2, Kangxian 6 and Kangxian I0 were genetically close, with a genetic resistance of 0. 24 between Kangxian 2 and Kangxian 6, 0. 213 between Kangxian 2 and Kangxian 10. Kangxian 2 was genetically distant from Fengdou 3, with a genetic distance of 0. 799. A total of 105 563 SNP loci were amplified from Kangxian 2 and its derived lines, among which 4 352 loci were genetically conserved, accounting for 4. 12% of the total. The percentage of identical al- lelic variants ranged from 56% to 96. 3% among the tested soybean cultivars, which differed between cultivars and chromo- somes. Above 65% of the genetic information in different chromosomes of Kangxian 2 was passed on to Kangxian 4 and Kangx- ian 6. Between Kangxian 2 and Kangxian 4, Kangxian 6, the percentage of identical allelic variants was more than 95% on chromosome 4, more than 91% on chromosome 10, indicating that there may be particular genome sections on chromosomes 4 and 10 related to the main agronomic traits, SCN resistance, Phytophthora resistance, drought resistance, virus resistance, root morphology, hilum color, 100-seed weight and so on, which are the genetic basis of the SCN resistant cultivars planted in western Heilongiiang province, China. In addition, four loci associated to the resistance to SCN race 3 were detected on chro- mosome 11, and among them Glyma11g35700. 1 has the greatest synergistic effect, and can be used for molecular marker as- sisted selection of soybean.