加强对儿童感染相关性关节炎的再认识

To strengthen the recognition to children arthritis related infection

儿童感染相关性关节炎是一类较为常见的关节炎，可分为儿童感染性（侵袭性）关节炎和感染后关节炎。感染性关节炎由细菌、病毒、真菌等病原体感染后直接侵袭关节或周围软组织而发病，而感染后关节炎往往继发于感染因素后，由于自身异常免疫反应参与而发生的关节炎，如反应性关节炎、链球菌感染后关节炎等。儿童感染性关节炎及感染后关节炎各有其临床特点，熟悉其特点对于儿童关节炎的诊治及预后判断尤为重要。另外，感染因素也与幼年特发性关节炎密切相关，在诱导幼年特发性关节炎的发病和加重病情中起到的作用应值得重视。

Children arthritis associated infection can be divided into children infectious （invasive） arthritis and post infectious arthritis. Infectious arthritis onset with direct effects on the joints by pathogens, such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, tuberculosis infection. Post infectious arthritis onset often secondary to infection after infection factors of arthritis due to autoimmune reaction, such as reactive arthritis, arthritis after streptococcus infection, and so on. There are their clinical characteristics respectively in infectious arthritis and post infection arthritis in children, and it is important for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of children with arthritis to be familiarity with their characteristics. In addition, the factor of infection is closely related to juvenile idiopathic arthritis. It should be pay attention to the role of infectious factors in triggering and aggravating the disease.