巷道蝶形破坏理论及其应用前景

A butterfly failure theory of rock mass around roadway and its application prospect

以弹塑性力学中孔洞围岩破坏的平面应变模型为基础,研究了圆形巷道围岩塑性区形态和扩展规律.提出了巷道围岩蝶形破坏理论,该理论建立了巷道围岩破坏形态与非等压区域应力场的力学模型,阐明了巷道围岩破坏具有圆形、椭圆形和蝶形3种基本形态,给出了巷道围岩3种基本破坏形态的数学界定标准和应力围岩判别准则,从应力环境、围岩条件、支护阻力3个方面阐述了蝶形塑性区具有方向性、突变性、变异性、蝶叶缺失和跃透、支护微效性等基本特性.在论述蝶形塑性区工程意义的基础上,探讨了该理论在巷道围岩控制、动力灾害防治、煤与瓦斯共采等工程领域的应用前景,介绍了大变形巷道蝶叶型冒顶机理、蝶型冲击地压机理、蝶叶型煤与瓦斯突出机理、煤与瓦斯共采中钻孔蝶形卸压增透机制等新认识和新方法.

Based on plain strain model of surrounding rock failure of hole using elastic-plastic mechanics,the shape and propagation law of plastic zone formed within surrounding rock mass around a round roadway were investigated.A theory of butterfly-shaped failure zone of surrounding rock mass around roadway was proposed and developed.In the proposed novel theory,a mechanical model was established between the failure shape of surrounding rock mass failure and the local inhomogeneous stress field.In addition,three distinct basic failure shapes of surround rock mass failure were revealed：circle,ellipse and butterfly.Mathematical definition and stress criterion for the three basic failure shapes were then given for surrounding rock mass of roadway.According to three important aspects of stress environment,surrounding rock mass conditions and support resistance,characteristics of the butterfly-shaped failure zone were explored and summarized such as the directionality,mutability,variability,lacking of butterfly leaf and jumping-penetrability and micro effect of ground support.The engineeringsignificance of the proposed theory of butterfly-shaped failure zone was then discussed.Application prospect of the theory in various engineering filed was discussed,for instance,for the control of surrounding rock of roadway,the prevention and control of dynamic disaster,the coexploitation of coal and gas,etc.Finally,some new understanding and new approaches were given in application of the proposed butterfly theory in the rock failures in underground mines,such as mechanism of the roof fall,rock burst,coal and gas outburst,and pressure-relief and permeability improvement of boreholes that related to the butterfly failure theory.