笼状季戊四醇磷酸酯-可膨胀石墨协同阻燃天然橡胶

Caged pentaerythritol phosphate-expandable graphite synergistic flame retardant natural rubber

以笼状季戊四醇磷酸酯(PEPA)和可膨胀石墨(EG)构成协同阻燃体系添加到天然橡胶(NR)中制备EG-PEPA/NR复合材料。通过极限氧指数(LOI)和垂直燃烧(UL-94)测试、热失重和锥形量热分析、拉伸测试及残炭的SEM观察和FTIR检测,考察了不同质量配比的PEPA和EG对EG-PEPA/NR复合材料阻燃性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,当PEPA与EG以33∶7的质量比添加到NR中时,EG-PEPA/NR复合材料的阻燃性能和力学性能最好。EG-PEPA/NR复合材料的LOI达到28.1%,UL-94达到V-0级,600℃时残炭量从27.5%提高到33.6%,总热释放量和热释放速率峰值分别为96.2 MJ·m^(-2)和512.4kW·m^(-2),相比于纯NR分别降低了22.2%和40.3%,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率也分别达到13.8MPa和368%。

The synergistic flame retardant system consisting of cage pentaerythritol phosphate（PEPA）and expandable graphite（EG）was added to the natural rubber（NR）to prepare EG-PEPA/NR composites.The effects of PEPA and EG with different mass ratios on the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of EG-PEPA/NR composites were investigated by limiting oxygen index（LOI）and vertical combustion（UL-94）test,thermogravimetric analysis,cone calorimetry,tensile test and carbon residue SEM and FTIR.The results show that the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of EG-PEPA/NR composites perform the best when PEPA to EG with the mass ratio of 33∶7 are added to NR.Its LOI reaches 28.1%and the UL-94 reaches V-0 level.The amount of carbon residue increases from 27.5% to 33.6% at 600℃.The peaks of total heat release and heat release rate are 96.2 MJ·m-2 and 512.4 kW·m-2,respectively,decreasing by 22.2% and 40.3% compared to the pure NR sample.The tensile strength and elongation of EG-PEPA/NR at break also reach 13.8 MPa and 368%,respectively.