昆明市某社区老年人身心健康现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of physical and mental health status and influencing factors in the elderly in community of Kunming

目的了解云南省昆明某社区老年人身心健康状况及相关影响因素,为提出相应的建议和对策提供依据。方法采用简明健康状况调查表(SF-36)及自编基本情况问卷、老年人生活事件量表、老年应对问卷、社会支持评定量表和纽芬兰纪念大学幸福度量表,对昆明市某社区470名60岁及以上老年人身心健康状况及影响因素开展问卷调查。结果社区老年人生理功能PF(70.97±23.20)分,生理职能RP(57.82±42.65)分,躯体疼痛BP(64.14±21.92)分,一般健康状况GH(51.46±21.23)分,生命活力VT(59.89±20.33)分、社会功能SF(58.56±15.80)分,情感职能RE(57.59±43.67)分、精神健康MH(71.35±17.81)分,SF-36生理健康(61.09±22.14)分、SF-36心理健康(61.89±18.50)分、SF-36总得分(491.89±152.48)分。结论社区老年人的生活质量主要影响因素为性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、生活事件、应对方式和幸福度。

Objective To understand the physical and mental health status of the elderly in the community of Kunming and its influencing factors, and provide the basis for proposing the corresponding suggestions and countermeasures. Methods There were 470 elder people over 60 years old selected for the questionnaire survey of physical and mental health status and influencing factors with 36-item short-form health status（SF-36）, general demographic form, LESE, WOCS, SSRS and MUNSH. Results The scores of the health status in the elderly were 70.97±23.20 of physiological function（PF）, 57.82±42.65 of role-physieal（RP）, 64.14±21.92 of bodily pain（BP）, 51.46±21.23 of general health（GH）, 59.89±20.33 of vitality（VT）, 58.56±15.80 of social function（SF）, 57.59±43.67 of role-emotional（RE）, 71.35±17.81 of mental health（MH）, 61.09±22.14 of physical health of SF-36, 61.89±18.50 of mental health of SF-36 and 491.89±152.48 of the total score of SF-36.Conclusions The factors influencing quality of life of the elderly in the community are mainly gender, age, educational background, occupation, life events, coping styles and degree of happiness.