奥马哈系统在PICC患者护理中的应用

Application of Omaha system in PICC patient care

目的 探讨关于奥马哈系统在经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管( PICC)患者自我管理中的评价与应用.方法 选取该院血液科PICC置管的患者100例,按照自愿原则分为干预组和对照组,各50例.对照组常规置管后宣教和随访,干预组给予奥马哈系统护理.观察两组置管前3 d,出院前1 d和出院后2周的自我管理能力情况.结果 两组置管前3 d自我管理能力得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);经奥马哈系统的持续干预后,出院前1 d、出院后2周,干预组的日常导管观察、维护的依从性、导管管理信心、异常情况处理、带管运动、带管日常生活等自我管理能力评分较对照组均增加,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05) .结论 通过奥马哈系统在PICC患者自我管理中的应用从总体上提高了患者的自我管理能力,有助于提升PICC患者带管生活质量.

Objective To explore the evaluation and application of the Omaha system in the self-management of patients with central venous catheter （PICC） via peripheral venous implantation. Methods A total of 100 patients with PICC catheterization in the blood department of the hospital were selected and divided into the intervention group and the control group according to the voluntary principle, 50 patients of each group. The control group was taught and followed up after conventional catheterization. The intervention group was given systematic care of Omaha. The self- management ability of the two groups was observed 3 days before catheterization, 1 day before discharge and 2 weeks af- ter discharge. Results The scores of self-management ability of the two groups were compared 3 days before catheter- ization, and the difference was no statistically significant （P〉0. 05 ）. Compared with the control group, the self-man- agement score of the routine catheterization observation, compliance to maintenance, catheter management confidence, exception handling, movement with the tube, daily life with the tube in the intervention group were increased after con- tinued intervention with the Omaha system, 1 day before discharge and 2 weeks after discharge, and the differences were statistically significant （P〈0. 05 ）. Conclusions The application of the Omaha system in the self-management of PICC patients has improved the self-management ability of patients in general and helped to improve the quality of life of patients with PICC.