2016年长春市高校学生麻疹抗体水平调查分析

Investigation on measles antibody level in college students in Changchun City,Jilin Province,China in 2016

目的分析2016年长春市高校学生麻疹抗体水平。方法按照分层整群的抽样方法,在长春市某高校随机抽取1 100名大学生,问卷收集调查对象性别、年龄、户籍、地区等基本信息。抽取静脉血,利用ELISA法检测麻疹IgG抗体水平。结果 1 100名大学生中,男生581人(52. 8%),女生519人(47. 2%);本省453人(41. 2%),外省647人(58. 8%);年龄在16～26岁之间。麻疹IgG抗体阳性率为91. 2%,保护性抗体阳性率为42%,麻疹IgG抗体几何平均浓度(GMC)为697. 21 mIU/mL;男生麻疹IgG抗体阳性率和保护性抗体阳性率均高于女生,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05);保护性抗体阳性率外省高于本省,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 01),长春地区高于省内其他地市,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 001)。18～20岁人群占调查总数的91. 7%,麻疹IgG抗体水平阳性率、保护性抗体阳性率及抗体GMC在各年龄组间差异无统计学意义(P均> 0. 05)。结论长春市高校学生麻疹IgG抗体水平尚未达到世界卫生组织要求的95%,易暴发麻疹疫情,应对高校大学生开展麻疹疫苗的补充免疫及强化免疫,提高其防病能力,控制麻疹发病率。

Objective To investigate the measles antibody level in college students in Changchun City,Jilin Province,China in 2016. Methods Stratified cluster sampling was used in this study. A total of 1 100 college students were selected,of whom the gender,age,household register and birthplace were collected by questionnaire,and venous blood samples were collected and determined for measles antibody level by ELISA. Results The 1 100 college students were at ages of 16 ～ 26 years,of whom 581（52. 8%）were male and 519（47. 2%）were female,while 453（41. 2%）were from Jilin Province and 647（58. 8%）from other provinces. The positive rates of measles IgG and protective antibody were 91. 2%and 42% respectively,while the geometric mean concentration（GMC）of measles antibody was 697. 21 mIU/mL. Both the positive rates of measles IgG and protective antibody were significantly higher in male than in female（P〈0. 05）.However,the protective antibody positive rate was significantly higher in the students from other provinces than in those from Jilin Province（P〈0. 01）,and in Changchun Region than in other regions in Jilin Province（P〈0. 001）. A portion of 91. 7% of the students in this study were at ages of 18 ～ 20 years. No significant differences were observed in the positive rates of measles IgG and protective antibody as well as GMC of antibody in various age groups（each P〉0. 05）.Conclusion The positive rate of measles antibody in college students in Changchun was lower than 95% which was required by the WHO,indicating the possibility of outbreak of measles. Supplementary and mass immunization activities should be carried out in this population to increase the immunity to measles and control the incidence.