论组织模式转型与政策过程的重塑

On the Transformation of Organizational Paradigm and the Reconstruction of Policy Process

政策过程是基于组织来开展的,不同组织模式下所开展的政策过程也完全不同。工业社会以官僚制组织作为社会生活的载体,政策过程也是基于官僚制组织的运行来开展。官僚制组织是工具理性的典范,基于官僚制组织所形成的是一种常规决策。但是,在全球化、后工业化进程中,社会越来越多地面临高度复杂性与高度不确定性的政策问题时,官僚制显得缓慢且僵化,常规决策模式受到挑战。社会发展推动官僚制组织逐渐向合作制组织转型,常规决策模式也逐渐向更为灵活的非常规决策模式转变,政策过程得到重构,成为一个合作行动系统。

The policy process is based on the organization, and the policy processes under different organizational models are completely different. The industrial society takes bureaucracy as the carrier of social life, and the policy process is based on the operation of bureaucracy. Bureaucratic organizations are models of instrumental rationality. Bureaucratic organizations form a conventional decision. However, in the process of globalization and post-industrialization, more and more society is facing a high degree of complexity and uncertainty of policy issues, bureaucracy is slow and rigid, and the conventional decision-making model is challenged. Social develop- ment has promoted the transition of bureaucratic organizations to cooperative organizations, and the conventional decision-making model has gradually changed to a more flexible non-conventional decision-making model. The policy process has been reconstructed to become a cooperative action system.