基于镍基合金的截齿激光熔覆工艺与实验研究

Laser Cladding Process and Experimental Study of Pick Based on Ni-based Alloy

为了提高矿用截齿的性能和延长截齿的寿命,实现截齿的激光熔覆批量加工。实验室搭建了用于批量激光熔覆截齿的硬件实验平台,设计了激光熔覆工艺流程,方案中采用半导体激光器在42CrMo基材上制备了高硬度,高耐磨性的镍基WC合金熔覆层,进行了该熔覆层的硬度、摩擦系数和厚度系列实验,进一步分析了硬度曲线图产生波动等的原因。实验结果可知,该实验设备和激光熔覆工艺适合于批量激光熔覆截齿,该熔覆层的硬度平均值可达691.96HV0.3,与基体硬度相比提高了2.93倍。熔覆层的摩擦系数在0.35左右,远低于基体摩擦系数0.55,熔覆层厚度达到2 289.31μm。基于镍基合金的激光熔覆设备及工艺,可用于矿用截齿的激光熔覆修复与强化,有效提升截齿的综合性能,降低企业的成本。

In order to improve the performance of mining pick and prolong the life of pick, laser cladding hatch processing of pick is realized. A hardware experimental platform for batch laser cladding picks is built by laboratory, and a laser cladding process is designed. In the scheme, a high-hardness and high wear-resistance Ni-based WC alloy cladding layer is prepared on a 42CrMo substrate by a semiconductor laser. The series of hardness, friction coefficient and thickness of the cladding layer are tested, and the causes of fluctuations in the hardness curve are further analyzed. The experimental results show that the experi- mental equipment and the laser cladding process are suitable for batch laser cladding picks. The average hardness of the clad-ding layer can reach 691.96 HV0.3, which is 2.93 times higher than the hardness of the matrix. The friction coefficient of the cladding layer is about 0.35, which is much lower than that the matrix friction coefficient of 0.55. The thickness of the clad-ding layer is 2 289.31 μm. The laser cladding equipment and process based on nickel-base alloy can be used for laser cladding repair and reinforcement of mining picks, effectively improving the overall performance of the pick and reducing the cost of en-terprise.