全新理念下海昏侯墓的考古——论海昏侯墓葬主棺箱体包装设计理念与实施方法

江西南昌市新建区墎墩汉墓M1(海昏侯刘贺)的发掘引起了考古界乃至社会各领域的广泛关注,新闻媒体也予以多角度跟踪报道。该墓葬本体规模宏大,由甬道、东西车库、回廊形藏閤、便房等构成,设计严密、结构复杂、功能清晰,是西汉中晚期列侯等级墓室的典型范本。经过近五年的考古调查和发掘工作,已基本确认紫金城城址就是汉代海昏侯国的都城遗址,它与城址外包括墎墩汉墓在内的庞大汉墓群共同构成了一个完整的汉代侯国聚落遗址,是重要的国家级历史文化遗产,具有重大的学术研究和展示利用价值,为我国近年来考古项目最重要的新发现。同样也是目前发现面积较大、保存较完整、内涵丰富的汉代列侯墓园。而主棺是其中最重要的出土遗存,基于工地现场对主棺周边遗存所采取的应急处置保护的基础上,对主棺则使用了整体套箱起取的方式进行了现场包装。针对不同埋藏环境的出土遗存,需要根据具体实际情况及遗存埋藏形式,采取安全、简便、快捷、有效的方法措施进行包装起取。

Year-end 2015, the excavation in Jiangxi Nanchang Xinjian district Dundun M1 （Haihun Hou Liu？He） caused wide attention of archaeology and even the society in various fields, the news media tracked from multiple perspectives.The tomb itself is large in scale, and it is composed of yongdao, east-west garages, cloisters and latrines, etc. It is a typical model of marquis level burial chamber in the middle and late western han dynasty. After nearly five years of archaeological investigation and excavation, it has been basically confirmed that Zijin city, town is the capital of the Han dynasty in the Haihun Hou site. The city and tomb constitute a complete settlement sites of han dynasty. It is important to the state-level historical and cultural heritage. In fact, it is the most important new discovery of archaeological projects in China in recent years. It is also the cemetery with large area, complete preservation and rich connotation in Han Dynasty.The coffin is one of the most important excavated remains. On the basis of emergency disposal and protection for the remains around the coffin at the？site, it is packed in the site by means of overall casing. For excavated remains in different burial environments, it is necessary to adopt safe, simple, quick and effective methods and measures to package them according to the actual conditions and burial forms.