“是不是”问句的日译研究

The Japanese Translation of Chinese ″Shi-Bu-Shi″ Questions

一般认为,日语语气形式"ノデハナイカ"的汉语对应形式为"是不是",但实际上,两者在自然会话中的使用频率大相径庭。在汉语"是不是"问句中,"是不是"在句中所处位置、语句的重音等因素决定了其在共时系统中的用法差异;而日语的语气形式集中于句末,在位置的移动等方面相对不自由,但日语以其丰富的语气形式来表达各种语气,满足各个层面语气表达的需要。这一发现可以直接应用于对外汉语教学和日语教学,同时,还能引发我们对汉日对比研究方法论新的思考。

The ＂Shi-Bu-Shi＂ question has long attracted scholars＇ attention who study question types in Chinese. Along with the gradual deepening of the research on mood expressions in Japanese since the 1980s, the Chinese-Japanese contrastive study on mood expressions has extended as well. While scholars generally agree that the Japanese mood form ＂nodewanaika＂ corresponds to the Chinese ＂Shi-Bu Shi＂ construction, a survey into corpus data of natural conversations revealed that in 675 minutes of conversations altogether, there are only 38 cases of ＂nodewanaika＂ used by 25 groups of Japanese females. On the contrary, a single group of Chinese females would use more than that number of ＂ Shi-Bu-Shi＂ construction in their natural conversations.