新型含锌尿素对玉米产量、籽粒含锌量、氮素吸收及氮肥利用率的影响

Effect of New Zinc-containing Carbamideon Corn Yield,Grain Zinc Content,Nitrogen Absorption and Nitrogen Utilization Rate

本试验以不施氮肥和施用普通尿素做对比,研究施用新型含锌尿素及新型含锌尿素减氮15%对玉米产量及构成因素、籽粒中锌的含量及积累量、氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明:与施用普通尿素相比,施用含锌尿素能够促进玉米植株对氮素的吸收,促进茎叶中的氮素向籽粒中转移。提高了玉米籽粒产量、氮素积累量、籽粒中锌含量及累积量、玉米氮肥利用率;玉米籽粒产量、氮肥利用率、氮累积量分别增加了4. 25%、55. 2%、23. 1%籽粒中锌的累积量及含量增加了17. 37%、21. 68%。土壤中有效锌含量较种植前增加了23. 52%,施用含锌尿素减氮15%,其籽粒含锌量及锌累积量比施用普通尿素增加13. 89%、17. 57%,籽粒产量、氮肥利用率、氮积累量则增加了2. 15%、47. 6%、22. 56%,土壤有效锌比种植前高出11. 76%,这说明新型含锌尿素是一种高效的尿素,为了减少化肥的施用及节约农业的投入成本,新型含锌尿素可以减氮15%种植玉米。

This experiment aims to study the effect of new zinc-containing carbamide on corn yield, grain zinc content, nitrogen absorption and nitrogen utilization rate. This was achieved by the application of new zinc-containing carbamideand the application of 15 % of nitrogen reduced new zinc-containing carbamide on the local corn crops.The results were compared with two reference corn groups with the application of no nitrogenous fertilizer and common carbamide, respectively. The outcome revealed that the new zinc-containing carbamidecould promote the corn plants to absorb nitrogen more effectively and promote the efficient transfer of nitrogen from the stems and leaves to the grains. All the five indexes, i.e. the yield of grains, the accumulation of nitrogen, the nitrogen utilization ratio, the content and accumulation of zinc in grains, were increased. Compared with the reference group with the application of common carbamide, the increase of corn with the application of new zinc-containing carbamide was 4.25 % for the yield of grains, 23.1% for the accumulation of nitrogen, 55.2% for the nitrogen utilization ratio, 21.68% for the content of zinc in grains and 17.37 % for the accumulation of zinc in grains. Meanwhile, the available zinc in soil was also increased by 23.52 % from the benchmark before planting. For corns with the application of the 15% nitrogen reduced new zinc-containing carbamide, the significant increase for the five indexes was 2.15 % , 22.56 % , 47.6 % , 13.89 % and 17.57 % , respectively. The available zinc in soil increased by 11.76 % from the benchmark. It is concluded that the new zinc-containing carbamide is a highly-efficient fertilizer. In order to reduce the use of common chemical fertilizers and save the cost of agricultural cultivation, it is recommended that the 15 % nitrogen reduced new zinc-containing carbamide could be used for corn production.