正强化理论在急性心肌梗死患者护理中的应用效果

Application effect of positive reinforcement theory in the nursing of patients with acute myocardial infarction

目的研究在急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者护理中应用正强化理论的作用。方法将92例AMI患者按照随机数字表分为对照组(46例)和试验组(46例)。对照组实施常规护理,试验组在对照组基础上应用正强化理论。对比两组护理前、后的情绪状态、自我效能感。患者出院后随访6个月,对比两组的主要心血管不良事件(MACE)发生率。结果护理后,两组患者的SAS、SDS评分均降低,试验组均低于对照组(P<0.05)。护理后,两组患者的GSES评分均提高,且试验组高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组的MACE发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论在AMI患者的护理中应用正强化理论可改善患者的负性情绪,提高自我效能感,降低MACE发生率。

Objective To study the effect of positive reinforcement theory in the nursing of patients with acutemyocardial infarction （AMI）. Methods A total of 92 patients with AMI were divided into control group （46 cases） andexperimental group （46 cases） according to the random number table. The control group was given routine nursing, whilethe experimental group was given positive reinforcement theory on the basis of the control group. The emotional status andself -efficacies before and after nursing of the two groups were compared. Following -up6 months after discharge, theincidences of major adverse cardiovascular events （MACE） in the two groups were compared. Results After nursing, thescores of SAS and SDS in the two groups decreased, those in the experimental group were lower than the control group（P〈0.05）. After nursing, the scores of GSES in the two groups increased, that in the experimental group was higher thanthe control group （P〈0.05）. The incidence of MACE in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The application of positive reinforcement theory in the nursing of patients with AMI can improvepatients＇ negative emotions and self-efficacy, decrease the incidence of MACE.