我国实施捕捞限额制度的困境与对策研究——以浙北渔场梭子蟹捕捞限额试点为例

On the Predicament and Countermeasure of Implementation of Fishing Quota System in China——A Case Study of the Pilot Project of Swimming Crab Fishing Quota in Northern Zhejiang Fishing Ground

近几十年来,海洋渔业资源由于过度捕捞、环境污染及栖息地遭破坏等原因而陷入日益枯竭的境地。农业部于2017初,首次将捕捞限额提上了日程。选择浙江和山东两省作为首批试点省份,对限额捕捞制度展开实践性的探索。本文以2017年9月浙北渔场开展梭子蟹捕捞限额管理为例,就目前我国海洋渔业在实施捕捞限额制度中所面临的问题展开探讨,并分别从技术层面、落实层面、制度和管理层面、政策保障层面及教育层面提出了相应的对策建议,以供渔业主管等相关部门决策时参考。

Marine fishery resources have been immersed in the condition of unsustainable development because of overfishing, environmental pollution and habitat destruction in recent decades. The Ministry of Agriculture, for the first time, put the fishing quota on the agenda in the early 2017 by selecting Zhejiang and Shandong as the provinces for the pilot project in order to explore the limited fishing system. This paper takes as the example the fishing quota of swimming crabs in the Northern Zhejiang in September, 2017 to discuss the problems with which the implementation of the fishing quota system in marine fishery are faced, and on the basis of which, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from such levels as the technology,the implementation, the system and the management, the policy guarantee and the educational, hoping to provide decision-making reference for the relevant decision-making department.