国家公园建设背景下庐山社区管治模式研究——基于居民地方依恋的视角

Community Governance Model of Mount Lu Scenic Area under the Background of National Park Construction:Based on the Perspective of Residents' Place Attachment

风景名胜区将是我国未来国家公园的重要组成部分,社区管理也将成为国家公园管理中普遍性的现实问题和有待深入研究的重要课题。庐山风景名胜区提出了将山上居民下迁安置的居民搬迁计划,这是庐山社区管理的重大举措。采用半结构式访谈法对庐山居民进行访谈,以地方依恋的视角探讨庐山的居民搬迁问题,分析了庐山居民的地方依恋特征,探讨了居民地方依恋对其搬迁愿意的影响,并以居民地方依恋为视角构建了庐山社区管治模式。结果表明:相当一部分居民表现出对庐山的留恋之情,存在一定程度的地方依恋,主要表现在对宜居环境、旅游经济的依赖和对现有生活方式和旅游文化的认同等方面。居民地方依恋是庐山居民迁居的阻力因素,但通过环保意识的加强,地方依恋可以成为居民迁居的推力。

Scenic area will be an important part of national park in China, and community management is a common and realistic issue of national park management. Mount Lu scenic area proposed a residents relocation plan to move the residents from the mountain. By semi-structured interview with Mount Lu residents, this paper probes into Mount Lu residents relocation with the perspective of place attachment, analyzes the characteristics of Mount Lu residents’ place attachment, discusses the influence of residents’ place attachment on their relocation willingness, and finally constructs a Mount Lu community governance model with the perspective of place attachment. Result shows that quite a number of residents have a certain degree of place attachment to Mount Lu, which is mainly reflected in their place dependence on the habitable environment and tourism economy, and in their place identity on the existing life style and tourism culture of Mount Lu. Place attachment is a resistance factor of residents relocation, however, it can be a push factor of residents relocation through the mediating effect of environmental awareness. The Mount Lu community governance model provides reference for community management of national park in the future.