摘要
在《依赖性的理性动物：人为什么需要德性》中,麦金太尔诚挚地对之前所犯的理论错误进行了深刻的自我检讨,即＂不该认为有可能存在一种独立于生物学的伦理学＂。1在这里,他从人类的动物本质出发,揭示了人类的苦难、脆弱的普遍性与必然性,据此推断出人对他人的依赖本质与程度,由此揭开了隐藏在每个本地共同体之中的社会关系的神秘面纱,并且给出了其关于给予和接受关系的独特论述。
Both of emotional and rational transaction relationship presuppose the relation of receiving and giving without calculation,which is a kind of fundamental,universal and basic relationship deciding human survival and prosperity and of which non-calculation is its core feature while in-debt relation is its initial form.To protect the giving and receiving web from being corroded by power and regime,we must appeal to a valid political reasoning.
