“智慧是对自然的犯罪”——论俄狄浦斯的酒神本质意义

"Wisdom Is a Crime to the Nature" :on the Nature of Oedipus's Dionysus

根据尼采的论述,俄狄浦斯身上的酒神精神体现在对人主体有限性的僭越。处于不同观照体系下的奥德修斯、普罗米修斯和俄狄浦斯代表了三种智慧向度,俄底浦斯作为酒神精神在尘世的折射,体现了人智慧的缺陷。将这种智慧的有限性置于酒神所具有的新旧秩序更替的隐喻意义中去考量,俄底浦斯之罪就在于他对旧秩序、对自然的无知和逾越,因而其悲剧本质意义就是,作为普遍个体的"人"不得不以自我毁弃的方式向神"献祭",成为新旧观念形态冲突中的"牺牲";这既是人成长历程中的必经之路,也是人反思自身时思想观念发展的必要过程。

According to Nietzsche＇s discourse,Oedipus＇ spirit of Dionysus is manifested in the transgression of the subject finiteness. Under the different perspective systems,Odysseus,Prometheus and Oedipus represent three kind of wisdom. Oedipus as a refraction of the spirit of Dionysus reflects the limit of man＇s wisdom. By putting the limit of this wisdom into the metaphorical meaning of the substitution of the old and new order,the sin of Oedipus lies in his ignorance and transcendence of the old order and the Nature,thus his tragic nature is that a person has to ＂sacrifice＂ himself to God as a ＂sacrifice＂ in the conflict of old and new forms of ideology in the way of self-destruction,which is the only way in the process of human growth,and also the necessary process of reflection on the development of ideas and concepts.