家庭背景对本科生学业成绩的影响会随年级改变吗——基于我国85所院校的实证研究

Does the Influence of Family Background on Undergraduate Academic Performance Change with Grade——Empirical Research Based on 85 Colleges and Universities in China

基于2014年全国"高等理科教育(本科)改革"学生调查数据,分析了家庭背景对本科生学业成绩的影响情况。研究发现,家庭背景变量中母亲受教育年限、父亲职业地位对学业成绩有显著影响,且大一时影响最大,影响程度随就读年级的升高逐渐下降。夏普里值分解进一步显示,家庭背景对学业成绩差异的贡献份额相对较小,且随受教育时间增加呈下降趋势。基于这一研究结果进行讨论,并提出相关建议。

Based on the 2014 National ＂Higher Science Education （Undergraduate） Reform＂ student survey data, this paper analyzed the impact of family background on undergraduate academic performance. It found that mother＇s years of education and father＇s occupational status had a significant impact on academic performance and the greatest impact was in the freshman year, but the degree of influence gradually decreased with the increase of the grade. The Sharpley value decomposition further showed that the contribution of family background to the difference in academic performance is relatively small and tended to decrease with the increase of education time. Based on the results of this research, this paper discussed and proposed relevant recommendations.