贫困线测算方法与实证

Poverty Line Measurement and Empirical Study

确定贫困标准的关键在于选择合适的贫困线测算方法。文章基于需求层次对扩展线性支出系统模型（ELES）做出调整,利用城乡居民收入分组统计数据对陕西省城乡贫困线进行了测算,并与官方贫困线和国际贫困标准进行对比。采用贫困发生率、贫困缺口率、FGT指标计算分析了基于不同贫困线的贫困指标。结果表明官方贫困线低估了现有贫困状况,基于相对贫困内涵的ELES模型满足贫困线测算的一般标准,优于其他方法,更能真实地反映贫困状况。

The key to determining the poverty standard is to choose the appropriate measure of poverty line.This paper adjusts extended linear expenditure system（ELES） model on the basis of demand hierarchy,uses urban and rural population grouping statistical data to calculate urban and rural poverty line of Shanxi Province,and then makes a comparison between the official poverty line and international poverty standards.Finally the paper adopts poverty incidence,poverty gap rate,FGT index to calculate and analyze the poverty indexes of different poverty lines.The results show that the official poverty line underestimates the existing poverty situation,while ELES meets the standard of measuring poverty line and has some advantages over other methods,thus better reflecting the real poverty situation.