《资本论》中的历史唯物主义法律观——纪念马克思诞辰200周年

The Historical Materialist Legal View in Das Kapital:To commemorate the 200th birthday Anniversary of Karl Marx

作为马克思的最重要理论著作之一的《资本论》包含着博大精深的思想,其中也集中体现了历史唯物主义的法律观。其所体现的历史唯物主义法律观的要旨是,法是反映社会经济基础的意志关系;统治阶级总是将对其有利的利益关系作为法律加以神圣化;法在担负政治统治职能这一主要职能的同时,也必然担负组织社会公共事务的职能;自由和平等是交换价值过程理想法的表现,自由平等地剥削劳动力是资本的首要"人权";人的自由发展所经历的三个历史阶段,也是法的产生、发展和逐步消亡的过程,发展社会主义国家和法正是最终实现"自由的联合体"的必要方式和路径。

As one of Karl Marx＇s most important theoretical works, Das Kapital contains extensive and profound thoughts, which also embodies the legal view with historical materialism. The essence of legal view with historical material- ism is that the law is the kind of relationship of will reflecting the social and economic infrastructure ; the ruling class always sanctifies its favorable and most important interests as law; the law undertakes the main function of political ruling, as well as is bound to assume the function of organizing public affairs; freedom and equality are expression of the ideal law of the value exchange process ; the exploitation of labor force in the name of freedom and equality is the primary＂ human right＂ of capital ; the three historical stages of the free development of human being are also the process of the emergence, developing and gradual withering of law. The development of socialist system and its law is the necessary way and path to achieve the ＂combo of free man ＂ finally.