知识社会学视角下作为实践的中医

Chinese Medicine in Practice:an Approach to Sociology of Knowledge

中医和现代生物医学之间存在何种程度鸿沟、中医是否为科学、中医的有效性、现代医学能否为中医提供科学基础等问题,一直存在争议。从科学知识社会学与医学人类学的视角考察作为实践的中医,可以综合哲学与社会文化纬度、心理与认知纬度,从而更好地理解中医的有效性和持续性,并在不丧失中医的社会文化蕴含的前提下讨论中西医之间的融合问题。这种实践维度的考察,既避免了还原论进路对社会文化环境的忽视、比较进路对文化普遍性的忽视,又为科学划界的实践进路提供了启发。

There are some problems that have been controversial,such as the extent of the gap between Chinese medicine and modern biomedicine,whether Chinese medicine is a science,the effectiveness of Chinese medicine,and whether modern medicine can provide a scientific basis for Chinese medicine. From the perspectives of Sociology of scientific knowledge and medical anthropology,we can study Chinese medicine as a practice,which integrates philosophical and sociocultural latitudes,and psychological and cognitive latitudes,so as to better understand the validity and sustainability of Chinese medicine,and discuss the integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine without losing the social and cultural implications of Chinese medicine. The study of this practical dimension not only avoids the neglect of social and cultural environment by the reductionist approach,but also provides inspiration for the practical approach of scientific demarcation.